In view of the high-speed data transmission requirements of distributed control of B-Ring bipolar iron power supply for high intensity heavy-ion accelerator, the 10-gigabit fiber optic transmission system architecture and software functions are designed. The system contains three branches connected in parallel and five power units per branch connected in series. Depending on the different transmission frequency of the transmitted data, the data such as output voltage, output current, bus voltage and bus current sampled by ADC of each sub-module and the data such as operation status, fault information, temperature data, various commands and parameter configuration transmitted by RS485 are transmitted in series using the state machine time-sharing multiplexing method. In order to ensure data safety, reliability and stability, a solution using SFP+ module fiber optic transmission is proposed. This method can achieve 10 Gbps transmission speed and 300 m long-distance transmission with better anti-electromagnetic interference performance and low loss. At present, the power supply prototype has completed the function test, the data transmission and reception are stable and reliable, and the data transmission system has been verified.