In this paper, an energy management strategy (EMS) based on dynamic programming (DP) is proposed for fuel cell/battery hybrid power system of electric unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The proposed EMS can obtain the global optimal solution while reducing the stress of the fuel cell. An EMS with 10 submodes based on finite state machine (FSM) is designed simultaneously for comparative analysis. The strategies mentioned above are implemented in MATLAB, and the results show that the DP method can reduce hydrogen consumption by 4.42% compared with FSM.