This paper addresses the reliable power supply and safe operation of high-power medium-voltage power supply systems using hydrogen fuel cells. It proposes a Flying Capacitor (FLC) hybrid medium-voltage power supply system with the fuel cell as the primary power source. Based on a power distribution strategy utilizing a Low Pass Filter (LPF), and considering the State of Charge (SOC) characteristics of the batteries and supercapacitors, an adaptive coefficient-based LPF power distribution strategy is introduced. This strategy takes full advantage of the rapid response capabilities of supercapacitors, the high stability of batteries, and the high energy density of fuel cells, thereby maximizing the lifespan of the energy storage system, optimizing its performance, and significantly enhancing the reliability of the power supply system.