As more and more powerful electronic devices are connected to the aircraft power system, the load power of the system presents pulsating characteristics. To make the aircraft high-voltage DC power supply system meet the power demand with pulsating load, an optimized configuration of the aircraft 270 V high-voltage DC power supply system based on two-stage filter distribution is proposed. According to the response characteristics of the power supply, the two-stage filtering distribution strategy is adopted to determine the power of each power supply response; A comprehensive optimal configuration model considering the weight and efficiency of the power supply system and the constraints that the power supply operation system needs to meet is established; The particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the model; By comparing the optimal configuration results of the power system with the two distribution strategies of the generator response average power and two-stage filtering through the calculation example, the configuration results show that the overall weight of the power system is reduced by 115.2 kg and the system efficiency is increased by 12.21% by using the method in this paper. The optimization results reflect the advantages of the method in this paper, and the simulation analysis verifies the correctness of the configuration results.